My main reasons for selecting 26" vs 20" rear are better top end, a little better ride, and ease of usable ratios with stock chainwheel. It's also the only Magic Pie 5 available with internal controller, another feature I wanted for clean installation.
The Rover chassis will accept a 26" rear with no modifications. I've run across quite a few on the internet who have done this, and Utah Trikes even offered a model built this way, the Rover X-5
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RdBTSRkgeIE) I also spoke directly with TerraTrike, they confirmed the change is often done, no issues reported.
With the stock 20" rear the Rover sits 3" low at the rear, so the 26" merely brings it level. Overall caster change is minus ~4.3°, maybe a little bit twitchier but the adjustable tension steering should make it manageable. The Golden Motor rim is a surprisingly good looking alloy 26x1.5x36H, so tire width remains 1.75.