Hi Kris,
The battery gauge is independent of the controller and is powered from the battery supply feeding the motor harness.
If your throttle does not have a voltage printed on the casing, it will be a 36V throttle, as the other throttles are marked accordingly with either
24V or
48V in white, as you can see on this thumb throttle:
Check out
this post for more details on modifying the gauge to suit the battery voltage.
Unfortunately the power lead that supplies the gauge is not easily accessible on the Smart Pies or MPIIIs because the connectors are all pre molded onto the cables, and the same battery supply lead also feeds the LED lighting switch as well.
If you can find enough room inside the throttle, the resistor would need to go between the lighting switch feed and the battery gauge, but I think it may be a little tight for space.
Alan